Human causes of climate change
developed countriesCountries where people have a high standard of living. currently use more energy, burn more fossil fuels and give off more greenhouse gases than developing countryA country that has little industry and lacks access to healthcare or education.. The map above shows which countries are responsible for the most emissions.
Developing countries want to develop - to catch up with developed countries - and this normally means using more energy and burning more fuel. Global warming could threaten development as emissionsSubstances that are given off, especially in the form of gas. targets could prevent industries from thriving.
The human causes of climate change are responsible for increasing the Earth鈥檚 temperatures. These causes of global warming have been in the media a lot in recent years. Human factors are the result of growing world population and economic developments.
They include:
- The burning of fossil fuels for transport, industry and power, producing carbon dioxide and leading to global warming
- Worldwide deforestationThe cutting down of trees and forests to allow a different land use., sometimes involving rainforest burning, which also produces carbon dioxide
- Car exhausts, nitrogen fertilisersChemicals added to soil to help plants grow. and power stations producing nitrous oxideA colourless gas produced naturally from soil and the sea. It is also released from burning fossil fuels, agriculture, industrial processes, and human and animal waste.
- chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)An organic compound. found in fridges, air conditioning and aerosolsAerosol sprays contain pressurised liquids which are released as a fine spray by the use of gas. Before 1989 they used chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which were found to damage the Earth's ozone layer., and as a by-product of the production of polystyrene packaging
- methaneA colourless gas that can do harm to life forms., produced from rice fields, landfill sites and from both ends of cattle; because methane is a stronger greenhouse gas, small increases have a larger impact on climate change
The main greenhouse gases The gases responsible for global warming and climate change - carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons). in the atmosphere are carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. They are naturally occurring in the atmosphere but have increased through the burning of more oil, petrol and coal, at the same time as forests have been removed. Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide have caused an enhanced greenhouse effectThe retention of heat in the atmosphere caused by the build-up of greenhouse gases..
The build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere results in more heat being retained in the atmosphere than would usually be the case. Naturally, the radiation (heat) from the sun would be reflected back into space. However, the increased greenhouse gases trap some outgoing infrared radiation Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength longer than visible light. keeping the Earth hotter than it might otherwise be.