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A letter for Gaelic learners with Roddy MacLean.

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Litir 274: Am facal 'gruagach'

An t-seachdain sa chaidh bha mi ag innse dhuibh mu Eilean Cl猫ire, eilean G脿idhealach far chosta a deas na h-脠ireann. Bha mi ann as t-samhradh agus chuala mi seann sgeulachd a bhuineas don eilean. Bu mhath leam a h-innse dhuibh ann an G脿idhlig na h-Alba, agus dreach rudeigin s矛mplidh oirre.

Ach mus t貌isich mi, feumaidh mi ceist a chur oirbh. D猫 tha am facal gruagach a鈥 ciallachadh dhuibh? Uill, tha gruag a鈥 ciallachadh 鈥渇alt air a鈥 cheann鈥 no 鈥渇alt fuadan a tha a鈥 dol air a鈥 cheann鈥. Mar sin tha ceangal air choreigin eadar gruagach agus falt. Tha faclair Dwelly a鈥 toirt dhuinn 鈥 young woman, maiden, virgin, man with long hair, bridesmaid, bridegroom鈥檚 maid.

Tha e eadar-dhealaichte ann an 脠irinn, ge-t脿. Anns a鈥 ghearr-fhaclair aig 脫 D贸naill, tha gruagach a鈥 ciallachadh 鈥渉airy goblin, brownie, shaggy uncouth person, ogre, giant鈥. Is d貌cha nach biodh an t-貌ran br猫agha aig D貌mhnall Ailean Dh貌mhnaill na Bainich 脿 Uibhist 鈥淕ruagach 脪g an Fhuilt Bh脿in鈥 buileach cho tarraingeach do dh鈥櫭坕reannaich 鈥檚 a tha e dhuinne 鈥 air a鈥 chiad shealladh co-dhi霉!

Tha an sgeulachd bheag seo mu dheidhinn Gruagach 脠ireannach 鈥 鈥檚 e sin famhair. Ged is e Gruagach a chanas na h-脠ireannaich, tha mise a鈥 dol a ghabhail famhair air 鈥 Famhair Dh霉n an 脪ir. 鈥橲 e D霉n an 脪ir seann chaisteal ann an Eilean Cl猫ire.

Bha uaireigin am Famhair seo ann. Bha e m貌r is l脿idir. Agus bha draoidheachd aige. Bha a bhean ainmeil oir bha i air leth b貌idheach. Bha i air t猫 de na boireannaich a bu bhr猫agha air an do l脿igh s霉il peacaich a-riamh. Bha dath an 貌ir air a falt, a bha cho fada 鈥檚 gun do r脿inig e an talamh nuair a bha i na seasamh.

鈥橲 ann tric a thigeadh daoine-uaisle airson coimhead air a鈥 bhoireannach seo leis gu robh i cho br猫agha. Tha an seanfhacal G脿idhlig ag innse dhuinn gun tig tr矛 rudan gun iarraidh 鈥 an t-eagal, an t-eud 鈥檚 an gaol. Agus 鈥檚 ann a th脿inig an t-eud air an Fhamhair. Mar sin, nuair a bha e a鈥 falbh a thadhal air daoine eile, dh鈥檉hastaich e gaisgeach air an robh an t-Amadan M貌r mar ainm airson s霉il a chumail air a bhean, is a d矛on bho fhir-suiridhe gus an tilleadh e.

Ach cha robh e air a dhol fada bhon chaisteal nuair a roghnaich e tilleadh airson faicinn co-dhi霉 bha an t-Amadan M貌r a鈥 d猫anamh a鈥 ghnothaich dha gu d霉rachdach. Chuir e draoidheachd air fh猫in agus thill e don chaisteal le cruth eadar-dhealaichte air. Cha do dh鈥檃ithnich a bhean e ach bha esan cho toilichte a faicinn, agus i na h-aonar, 鈥檚 gun tug e p貌g dhi.

Rinn e deiseil airson falbh a-rithist. Ach bha an t-Amadan M貌r air fhaicinn agus bha e na sheasamh eadar am Famhair agus an doras. Cha do dh鈥檃ithnich esan am Famhair na bu mh貌. Thuirt an t-Amadan M貌r ris an fhear eile nach robh cead aige a bhith sa chaisteal, agus am Famhair air falbh. Agus thug e a chlaidheamh a-mach.

Th貌isich an dithis air sabaid. Ghe脿rr am Famhair aon chas an Amadain Mh貌ir dheth. Ach chum an t-Amadan M貌r air a鈥 sabaid, agus e leth-chasach. An uair sin, ghe脿rr am Famhair a chas eile dheth.

鈥淕heibh thu do dh脿 chois air ais bhuam,鈥 thuirt am Famhair, 鈥渕a leigeas tu a-mach mi.鈥

鈥淐as eile a gheibhinn, no na dh脿,鈥 fhreagair an t-Amadan, 鈥渃han fh脿g thu an t-脿ite seo gus an till am Famhair, 脿s d猫idh dhut p貌g a thoirt do bhean.鈥

鈥淪eadh,鈥 ars鈥 am Famhair ris fh猫in. 鈥淐han eil math dhomh a bhith a鈥 falbh air chuairt, is a鈥 f脿gail seirbheiseach ro dh霉rachdach 脿s mo dh猫idh!鈥

Faclan na seachdaine

Faclan na seachdaine: Eilean Cl猫ire: Cape Clear Island; famhair: giant; caisteal: castle; draoidheachd: magic; an t-Amadan M貌r: The Big Fool; p貌g; kiss; claidheamh: sword; leth-chasach: one-legged.

Abairtean na seachdaine

Abairtean na seachdaine: bu mhath leam a h-innse dhuibh: I would like to tell it (fem.)to you; tha ceangal air choreigin eadar X agus Y: there is some connection or other between X and Y; D貌mhnall Ailean Dh貌mhnaill na Bainich: Donald Allan MacDonald (b脿rd from S. Uist); Gruagach 脪g an Fhuilt Bh脿in: Young Fair-haired Maiden (song); buileach cho tarraingeach do dh鈥橢ireannaich: quite as attractive to Irish people; 鈥檚 a tha e dhuinne: as it is to us; air a鈥 chiad shealladh: at first sight; bha i air t猫 de na boireannaich a bu bhr猫agha: she was one of the most beautiful women; air an do l脿igh s霉il peacaich a-riamh: upon whom a sinner鈥檚 eye ever fell; bha dath an 貌ir air a falt: her hair was the colour of gold; 鈥檚 ann tric a thigeadh daoine-uaisle: gentlemen would often come; dh鈥檉hastaich e gaisgeach: he employed a hero; is a d矛on bho fhir-suiridhe: and to protect her from suitors; nuair a roghnaich e tilleadh: when he decided to return; a鈥 d猫anamh a鈥 ghnothaich dha gu d霉rachdach: doing the job for him diligently; cha do dh鈥檃ithnich a bhean e: his wife didn鈥檛 recognise him; gheibh thu do dh脿 chois air ais bhuam: you will get your two legs back from me; cas eile a gheibhin no na dh脿: should I get one leg or the two; chan fh脿g thu: you won鈥檛 leave; 脿s d猫idh dhut p貌g a thoirt do bhean: after you kissing his wife; chan eil math dhomh a bhith a鈥 falbh: it isn鈥檛 good for me to go away; a鈥 f脿gail seirbheiseach ro dh霉rachdadh 脿s mo dh猫idh: leaving a servant behind me who is too diligent by far.

Puing-ch脿nain na seachdaine

Puing-ch脿nain na seachdaine: Cha robh e air a dhol fada bhon chaisteal: he hadn鈥檛 gone far from the castle. This construction is an example of the past perfect or pluperfect tense in which the action being related occurred at an earlier time than the main narrative which is itself in the past tense. It uses the past tense of the verb 鈥渢o be鈥 (cha robh) and the preposition air (originally iar) which means 鈥渁fter鈥, followed by the lenited verbal noun (or infinitive) of the verb. Compare this to chan eil e air a dhol fada (he hasn鈥檛 gone far). In this case we are using the present tense of the verb 鈥渢o be鈥 (chan eil) and the action is much closer to us in time. Here are three other examples of the past perfect: cha robh i air an obair a dh猫anamh (she hadn鈥檛 done the work); nach robh sibh air a bhith ann fada gu le貌r? (had you not been there long enough?); an robh iad air a bhith a鈥 coimhead anns an 脿ite cheart? (had they been looking in the right place?)

Seanfhacal na seachdaine

Seanfhacal na seachdaine: Thig tr矛 rudan gun iarraidh 鈥 an t-eagal, an t-eud 鈥檚 an gaol: three things come without seeking 鈥 fear, jealousy and love.

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