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You could include some of the following points in your essay.

• The extract is solely narrative which focuses on description with effective use of adjectives, adverbs and descriptive phrases to reveal Scrooge’s character.
• The writer uses the omniscient narrator to reveal the character of Scrooge through description.
• The writer uses diction associated with coldness and hardness to reveal the character of Scrooge – “the cold within him froze his cold features”, “A frosty rime was on his head”, “Hard and sharp as flint” (simile).
• The writer uses a simile to reveal Scrooge’s desire to be alone – “solitary as an oyster”.
• The extract begins with a list of onomatopoeicverbs to reveal Scrooges harsh character – “squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner!”
• The writer opens with a metaphor revealing the hard nature of Scrooge’s character – “he was tight-fisted at the grindstone".
• The writer uses pathetic fallacy to reveal the character of Scrooge and show the lack of influence the weather had upon his character – “External heat and cold had little influence on Scrooge. No warmth could warm, no wintry weather chill him. No wind that blew was bitterer than he”.
• The writer uses sounds to create an unpleasant, cold atmosphere – “the people in the court outside go wheezing up and down, beating their hands upon their breasts, and stamping their feet upon the pavement stones to warm them”.
• The writer reveals that other characters avoid Scrooge – “Nobody ever stopped him in the street”, “no man or woman ever once ... inquired the way”, “Even the blind men’s dogs ... would tug their owners into doorways”.
• The writer uses pathetic fallacy to create a desolate and stark atmosphere in the extract – “It was cold, bleak, biting weather”, “The fog came pouring in at every chink and keyhole”.
• The writer uses Scrooge’s treatment of the clerk to reveal his mean character, "Scrooge had a very small fire, but the clerk’s fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal.”