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Geometric lines

lines are ones that relate to perfect mathematical shapes and man-made objects. They are straight, regular and uniform. They often follow a specific pattern and can be symmetrical or repeat in a specific way.

The Empire State Building, New York, USA, Gabriel Parra / Alamy Stock Photo
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Empire State Building, New York, USA, Gabriel Parra / Alamy Stock Photo

The Empire State Building in New York is a piece of architecture made up entirely of straight lines.

The windows run up the length of the entire building in long, straight, vertical lines. These emphasise the height of the building.

The overall effect of the geometric lines suggest that the building is strong and stable.

The Empire State Building, New York, USA, Gabriel Parra / Alamy Stock Photo
Image caption,
Empire State Building, New York, USA, Gabriel Parra / Alamy Stock Photo
Painting No.II / Composition No.XV / Composition 4, Piet Mondrian, 1913, oil on canvas, Peter Horree / Alamy Stock Photo
Image caption,
Painting No.II / Composition No.XV / Composition 4, Piet Mondrian, 1913, oil on canvas, Peter Horree / Alamy Stock Photo

Painting No.II / Composition No.XV / Composition 4 by Piet Mondrian is entirely made of geometric lines and blocks of colour.

These are arranged in a seemingly random way and painted over in places so that they appear faded around the edges of the frame. This makes the composition feel less rigid and perfect that you might expect from a group of purely geometric lines.

Painting No.II / Composition No.XV / Composition 4, Piet Mondrian, 1913, oil on canvas, Peter Horree / Alamy Stock Photo
Image caption,
Painting No.II / Composition No.XV / Composition 4, Piet Mondrian, 1913, oil on canvas, Peter Horree / Alamy Stock Photo